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Historical Real Punishments

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https://dasmittelalterderblog.com/tag/radern/

The killing of another man Here in the Middle Ages was distinguished between murder, manslaughter and child murder. Murder was still atonementable with the Germans by the payment of the so-called "Wergelde". From the 12th century this changed. When murder was planned, another person was killed. The killing had to happen secretly and the murderer had to try to conceal the corpse before discovery. In addition, the killing by order, by striving for gain, a military or clueless was regarded as murder.
Wheels

Wheels

The punishments for murder are extremely brutal from today's point of view. Wheels are often called punishment. The condemned man was dragged to the rendezvous, fixed to the ground and then broken with a cartwheel joints and bones before killing him. If the court was gracious, the convicts were decapitated with the guilty sword. Women were buried alive, hanged, or burned. It is important to note that severe cases could lead to cumulation of the penalties. In practice this meant that punishment for other offenses before or during the murder could be added before the actual execution. The murder was distinguished from the manslaughter if this separation was not always sharply drawn. This offense, too, was generally punished with an execution, unless the accused had acted in self-defense, had made this under oath, and convinced the judge, in which case he was free. The killing of a child was a severe case of killing a defenseless man. As punishments were drowned, buried alive or piles of the perpetrator. Mothers who killed illegitimate newborns were, however, very rarely punished - mainly because there were no living people who suffered a disadvantage. As we see, secular law in the Middle Ages was rather pragmatic. [1]
 
http://www.sueddeutsche.de/wissen/fund-in-brandenburg-qualvoller-tod-mit-dem-rad-1.1960556

Great death with the wheel

Presentation of the wheel in a woodcut of 1586 (Photo: Lewenstein, Wikimedia Commons)



For the first time archaeologists in Germany have found the skeleton of a man who was rowed about 500 years ago. A shattering testimony of the law - executions of this kind took place on the ground.

The remnants of the man, who had been driven by the wheel, came by day to the light of day - between Perleberg and Pritzwalk. Once there was an old military road.

"It is a unique find," says Jost Auler, archaeologist and author of several books on execution sites. For the first time it was possible to investigate the traces of this brutal punishment. In most cases the corpses of the condemned were partially exposed to wind and weather for years. "Birds took away bones," says Auler.

"The Geräderte is an impressive and shattering source of our cultural and legal history," says the director of the Brandenburg National Office for the Preservation of Monuments and Archaeological Museum, Franz Schopper.

"It shocked the appearance, which could not be explained anatomically," says anthropologist Bettina Jungklaus. The dead man lay on his back, the arms bent sideways to the neck, the legs turned backwards. All the longer bones were smashed, many of them still preserved in parts. "The injuries were very deliberately made," says Christof Krauskopf from the National Office for the Preservation of Monuments. "An accident can be excluded." With the help of an iron belt buckle the find could be dated to the period between the 15th and 17th century.
Archeology find in Brandenburg

The victims were bruised very selectively (Photo: Bettina Jungklaus)

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Daylong suffering

Wheels was carried out in two steps. "At first, the executioners smashed the bones of the naked condemned man with a cartwheel," says the expert on the legal history of the Middle Ages by the University of Bielefeld, Wolfgang Schild. The goal was not the death of the delinquent. "He should die on the bike," he says. The victim was braided or tied by the spokes. Then the bike came to a stake. The agony of death lasted days.

With the dead of Grosspankow the tortures could be documented exactly. For example, a heavy blow had torn off half his face, as can be seen in the damaged skull. An act of grace to shorten the agony. For which act the man was punished so martial, is unclear. In the jurisdictions of the region documents on judgments are missing at that time.

Until the abolition in the 18th century, the punishment was imposed mainly on murder. In what night- and fog-action the Geraderte von Grosspankow came under the earth, is unclear. Perhaps he was punished at a mobile execution center. The corpse remained behind, a compassionate compassion and buried the remains.
 
http://historische-serienmoerder.de/das-raedern-oder-die-raederung/
Wheels or wheels
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According to mediaeval jurisprudence, murder was the execution of the wheel. One distinguished the ride from above, which soon gave the criminal a blessing, and from below, which made him suffer for a long time. It could be exacerbated by repeated tearing or pinching with glowing tongues, skin extraction, the severing of individual limbs, the ablation of the hands, etc., but on the other hand it could be carried out "by grace" from an already beheaded.
Ger%C3%A4derter.jpg

Waved

Waved on a woodcut of the 16th century.
Swiss regional court orders prescribe that the murderer or murderer will be handed over to the head of the court. He was to take him to the station, lay him down there, untangle his arms, and bind him with a wagon wheel, crush his limbs, his arms behind and behind his elbows, and the two thighs above and below his knees. If the poor man were not dead, and desired the blessing of the blessing, the barbarian should allow him. Afterwards, the Nachrichter whipped and tied the delinquents with knitting, no matter whether this was dead or alive, on the wheel. This was nailed on a post and raised horizontally. The tyrant, therefore, remained wheel-bound and bound on the wheel, and had to die and perish like this. In some parts, as in the Hannoverschen, in Einbeck, 1775, or in France, the limbs were crushed to the condemned with iron clubs.

A tamer could languish for days in his agony, until death saved him. Rudolf von der Wart, who was accused of participating in the assassination of Albrecht I (1255-1308), lived on the wheel for three days and three nights, while his wife, without taking food, remained under the wheel. Rare are the instances where Geräderte survived the procedure, but in the province of Champagne, before the revolution, where a surgeon and his brother assumed a trombone, he gave it almost entirely, but was betrayed by the latter. The offender, however, was a second time harder, this time without grace and help.
In figurative, such playmaking games can be found several times, such as on a Nuremberg woodcut from 1497, the woodcut from the breakers of the miracles of Mariazell, circa 1515, where a tambouriner calls the Mother of God and became all his money The year 1663, when the student, Thomas Hank, had thirteen thumps during his baton on July 27, 1663, when he took refuge in the Mother of God.
It was only by way of exception that the wheels were carried out by women. The vehicle book of the town of Zerbst reports such a case for 1533. The execution of the robber Dorothea Götterich in 1770, who was rooted alive, was incredibly barbaric, because she murdered a widow and her three young children in Neubrandenburg with an ax.
 
madiosi said:
I know, all that not the answer of the question. But i think, a little bit worth to know.
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Why, looks like it is, at least with regards to German experience.

madiosi said:
It was only by way of exception that the wheels were carried out by women. The vehicle book of the town of Zerbst reports such a case for 1533. The execution of the robber Dorothea Götterich in 1770, who was rooted alive, was incredibly barbaric, because she murdered a widow and her three young children in Neubrandenburg with an ax.
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Google Translate here appears incredibly barbaric as well, but the meaning is clear: a case in Zerbst in 1533 and another in Neubrandenburg in 1770 -- didn't expect it so late!
 
Marcius said:
Why, looks like it is, at least with regards to German experience.


Google Translate here appears incredibly barbaric as well, but the meaning is clear: a case in Zerbst in 1533 and another in Neubrandenburg in 1770 -- didn't expect it so late!
Click to expand...
Germans are specialists for cruel executions to 1945. Later time, we are soft.
 
In Chapter 37 of the History of Lombards by Paul the Deacon, Duchess Romilda gets in real big trouble for her treachery and being an overall meretrix nefaria, and her daughters find an ingenious use for chicks:

Romilda indeed, who had been the head of all this evil-doing, the king of the Avars, on account of his oath, kept for one night as if in marriage as he had promised her, but upon the next he turned her over to twelve Avars, who abused her through the whole night with their lust, succeeding each other by turns. Afterwards too, ordering a stake to be fixed in the midst of a field, he commanded her to be impaled upon the point of it, uttering these words, moreover, in reproach: "It is fit you should have such a husband." Therefore the detestable betrayer of her country who looked out for her own lust more than for the preservation of her fellow citizens and kindred, perished by such a death. Her daughters, indeed, did not follow the sensual inclination of their mother, but striving from love of chastity not to be contaminated by the barbarians, they put the flesh of raw chickens under the band between their breasts, and this, when putrified by the heat, gave out an evil smell. And the Avars, when they wanted to touch them, could not endure the stench that they thought was natural to them, but moved far away from them with cursing, saying that all the Langobard women had a bad smell. By this stratagem then the noble girls, escaping from the lust of the Avars, not only kept themselves chaste, but handed down a useful example for preserving chastity if any such thing should happen to women hereafter.​

A rare historical example of the common trope 'Princess gets executed in a sexualized way'.

Around the same time there was that Brunehaut business in Austrasia, but with her being seventy or so... :confused:
 
The wooden horse: once a common form of punishment

According to the Magistrate's Resolution, the horse served primarily as a deterrent to ladies of low morals. In this way, they wanted to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. Originally, the public exposure on a wooden horse was a milder punishment imposed on young people guilty of certain crimes – wanton little crimes, small thefts and prostitution. In some cities, the punishment was extended to all men and women of “low morals”.

The punishment tool consists of a high wooden trestle with a back of two tapering rounded planks on four legs, with a wooden horse head attached to the front. On the back, there had to be enough room for more punished to take place at the same time. The convicted was helped on the horse. When straddling the planks, her hands were tied on the back. By men, weights were hung on the feet. Women were loosely tied with the feet to the trestle. This was to prevent that "the horse threw them off". Underwear for women did not yet exist (except for the very rich), the executioner took care that they didn’t sit on their skirts, so they sat with their bare crotch on both planks. It was thus a combined shaming and corporal punishment. Six hours meant probably that the girls (or boys) were exposed two hours on three consecutive days, during market hours or in a public place. The wriggling and crying girls became so the target of people's ridicule.

4700e39d565ec6cabc1208eaac2bfb3cf0df22e2dd3e609814f8620a4b2182a0.jpg cheval-de-discipline.jpg IMG_0461.JPG IMG_1403.jpg
 
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A folk song on three girls, convicted to the wooden horse


The farce of three girls


There were three young girls

I heard their sad complaints

How they stood shamed


Their names are not forgotten

It was Gretha and Jacomine

And Lisbeth, they spoke

I am going to dress

Like a young fine boy

As I want to be like a soldier


They went by day and by night

Making love with the soldiers

They got fucked hard

In Venus’ holes

And spent all their money


They were brought for the court

You could hear them cry and beg

For all the officers

They laughed very hard

And spoke out their punishment


They had to ride for six hours(*)

The wooden horse of shame

An example for other young women

That came to look at them

They cried for mercy, very hard

But they were firmly laughed at


Young girls, praised for beauty

Be careful with your gifts

And avoid the soldiers

Not to ride the sharp donkey

That pained these three girls

In the beautiful city


(*) Probably during two hours in three consecutive days
 
Very interesting topic. I like read about real, historical punishment. When I was studying I read a lot of original chronicles about judical punishments in XVII or XVIII towns - some of them were really hot.
 
Hanging by the ribs until death appears to have been used in such disparate lands as tsarist Russia, the Habsburg monarchy and Dutch Surinam.
Ribs.JPG
'This illustration was based on a 1773 eyewitness description. An incision was made in the victim's ribs and a hook placed in the hole. In this case, the victim stayed alive for 3 days until clubbed to death by the sentry guarding him who he had insulted. This and other engravings are found in the autobiographical narrative of Stedman, a young Dutchman who joined a military force against rebellions of the enslaved in the Dutch colony. The engravings are based on Stedman’s own drawings and were done by professional engravers.'

The engraver here was William Blake, better known as a poet.
 
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