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Public Executions In The Arena

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BEATA OF SENS CRUCIFIED AND TORTURED TO DEATH AS A CHRISTIAN REBEL

This martyr's name is Beata or, in later sources, Benedicta. Little seems to be known about her. She lived and died for her faith in “ager Senonicus” in Gallia (today: region of Sens, France), where she is venerated until today.
According to the tradition, she was crucified and then tortured in various ways intil she died.
Well I suppose if you're a virgin martyr, that's the story of your life! But 'The Book of Saints' adds a little bit more:
Augustine, Sanctian, and Beata MM
Died 273. This trio of saints fled from their home in Spain during a persecution to Gaul, where they were martyred at Sens and where they are still venerated. Feast Sept 6th.
 
According to the engraving, she was crucified and tortured by … Turks?:confused:

Did the artist want to make a statement about contemporanous threats in his lifetime?
Beata -o Benedicta- 001.jpg
Adriaen Collaert, 1608 (illustration for P. Bartoloméo Ricci SJ, “Triumphus Jesu Christi Crucifixi” )

During the 16th and 17th Centuries artists used to represent pagan people as "strangers"; that's probably why this artist decided to give a "Turkish" look to the pagan executioners.
 
Roman troops came from across the empire though. Turkish troops went as far north as britain!

True, the Empire tended to post troops to places other than where they were from, and troops serving in Britain came from places as far away as Syria, it must have been a nasty shock to any Syrian to serve on the Wall.

There may have been Anatolians too, but they were not Turks, who only arrived in the Mediterranean world in the 11th century, well after this time. It was the arrival of the Turks in Asia Minor and their victory over the Byzantines at Manzikert in 1071 that prompted the Byzantine Emperor Alexius Comnenus to ask for help from the Christians in the west, leading to the First Crusade.
 
I learn thanks to the wonders of Google and Wiki, that is a monument in Volgograd
to Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, Heroine of the Soviet Union
http://nezabudem.net/obelisks/1788
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoya_Kosmodemyanskaya
commemorated in numerous monuments across the former USSR.
Quite coincidentally, I've seen a mention today of a new Russian film about
Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, 'Strasti Po Zoye' - 'The Passion of Zoya',
she is evidently being culted as a martyr in Russia these days -
actress Anastasia Mishina, director Leonid Plyaskin
filmed near the village of Kamenka, Smalyavichy District, Belarus.
Only stock photos available -
1560464584707.png
 
Quite coincidentally, I've seen a mention today of a new Russian film about
Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, 'Strasti Po Zoye' - 'The Passion of Zoya',
she is evidently being culted as a martyr in Russia these days -
actress Anastasia Mishina, director Leonid Plyaskin
filmed near the village of Kamenka, Smalyavichy District, Belarus.
Only stock photos available -
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PERPETUA OF CARTHAGE IS ABOUT TO BE SCOURGED IN THE ARENA

Vibia Perpetua was a young woman of noble birth. She was twenty-two, a wife, a mother of a young son and a Christian. In the city of Carthage in North Africa on March 7 of the year 203 she was put to death for her religious convictions. Her story comes to us from three eyewitness accounts written shortly after her death.
Perpetua was one of five Christians condemned to death in the arena. One of her companions, Felicitas, was a slave and eight months pregnant. Two days before her execution she gave birth to a daughter. Pepetua's father was a pagan and came often to the prison (many times with Perpetua's son in his arms) to plead with his daughter to renounce her religion and save her life - to no avail.
On March 7 Perpetua and her four companions were led to the arena where the crowd demanded they be scourged. Then a boar, a bear and a leopard were loosened upon the men while the women were attacked by a wild bull. Wounded, Perpetua was then put to the sword.
 

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PERPETUA OF CARTHAGE IS ABOUT TO BE SCOURGED IN THE ARENA

Vibia Perpetua was a young woman of noble birth. She was twenty-two, a wife, a mother of a young son and a Christian. In the city of Carthage in North Africa on March 7 of the year 203 she was put to death for her religious convictions. Her story comes to us from three eyewitness accounts written shortly after her death.
Perpetua was one of five Christians condemned to death in the arena. One of her companions, Felicitas, was a slave and eight months pregnant. Two days before her execution she gave birth to a daughter. Pepetua's father was a pagan and came often to the prison (many times with Perpetua's son in his arms) to plead with his daughter to renounce her religion and save her life - to no avail.
On March 7 Perpetua and her four companions were led to the arena where the crowd demanded they be scourged. Then a boar, a bear and a leopard were loosened upon the men while the women were attacked by a wild bull. Wounded, Perpetua was then put to the sword.
That's what I need!
 
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JULIA OF CARTHAGO/CORSICA SCOURGED BEFORE BEING CRUCIFIED

Julia was a daughter of a noble Christian family living in Carthago. When the Vandals took North Africa in 439, she was enslaved and later sold to a merchant who travelled the Mediterranean Sea. His ship arrived at Corsica just at the time of a pagan festival. Julia was orderd to sacrifice to the pagan gods. She refused and was tortured: She was whipped and—according to a version of her legend told at Nonza—had her breasts cut off. In the end she was crucified† as a punishment as well as for the amusement of the pagans.
According to the legend Julia's execution took place a century after Emperor Constantinus' “edict of tolerance”, which officially ended the persecutions of Christians in the Roman Empire, and even after the era of Emperor Julian Apostata. This certainly casts some doubts on the legend.
It has been argued that Julia had died in Carthage around 300 in one of the great persecutions and that, when the Vandals took over (who were Arian Christians and fiercely suppressed other denominations), the keepers of her relics fled to Corsica
There are some indications, however, that in Corsica a woman named Julia had been martyred during the reign of Emperor Diocletianus. It is not unlikely that the people of Corsica mixed up her story and that of Julia of Carthage, thus relocating the legend of the crucified slavegirl to Corsica and establishing a claim to her relics.
 

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THE FIRST OF 118 WOUNDS ON MARTINA’S BODY

Martina, a Roman virgin, was the child of a noble Christian consul, of whom it was said that he was extremely merciful towards the poor. She lost both her parents while she was still very young, and for love of Christ she distributed all she inherited to the poor.
Under the emperor Alexander Severus she was discovered in a church one day by three officers of a search party, and commanded to follow them to a temple of Apollo. She cheerfully agreed, saying she would do so after praying for a short time and taking leave of her bishop. The officers reported their important capture to the emperor, believing she would readily renounce her faith. But when he ordered her to speak, she replied that she would sacrifice to none other than the true God, and never to idols, the handiwork of men. She was tortured, before the emperor, with iron rods that eventually would inflict 118 wounds to her flesh, then cruelly scourged while attached by her hands and feet to posts. After suffering other tortures and being spared by an enraged lion and a fiery furnace, was finally beheaded. Her death occurred on January 1st during the fourth year of Alexander Severus.
Her relics were found in 1634, during the papacy of Urban VIII, near the Mamertine Prison, with those of several other martyrs. All were placed in a beautiful church dedicated to Saint Martina in the Roman Forum.
 

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